Velocity of M2 (M2V) Chart & Data Table
Gray bands: NBER recessions·Dashed lines: key policy events
What is Velocity of M2 (M2V)?
Calculated as the ratio of quarterly nominal GDP to the quarterly average of M2 money stock.
Current Velocity of M2 (M2V) Value
As of January 1, 2026, the current velocity of m2 money stock is 1.41 Ratio. This is the most recent observation available for this series, updated quarterly.
Velocity of M2 Historical Trend
Velocity of M2 Money Stock rose 0.07% quarter-over-quarter. Over the past year, velocity of m2 money stock rose 1.51% from January 2025. In the series' tracked history, the highest recorded value was 2.19 (July 1997), and the lowest was 1.13 (April 2020).
Methodology & Source
Source
Federal Reserve Economic Data (FRED)
Frequency
Quarterly
Units
Ratio
Notes
Calculated as the ratio of quarterly nominal GDP (https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/GDP) to the quarterly average of M2 money stock (https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/M2SL). The velocity of money is the frequency at which one unit of currency is used to purchase domestically- produced goods and...
Frequently Asked Questions About Velocity of M2 (M2V)
What is the current velocity of m2 money stock?
As of January 1, 2026, velocity of m2 money stock stands at 1.41 Ratio.
Where does velocity of m2 money stock data come from?
Velocity of M2 Money Stock data is sourced from the Federal Reserve Economic Data (FRED) system and related U.S. government agencies. Data quality and historical coverage vary by series.
How often is velocity of m2 money stock updated?
This series is updated according to its publication schedule. Check FRED or the source agency for the most current release calendar.
What is the historical high and low for velocity of m2 money stock?
In the available data, the highest value was 2.19 Ratio in July 1997, and the lowest was 1.13 Ratio in April 2020.
How has velocity of m2 money stock changed over the past year?
Over the past year, velocity of m2 money stock increased 1.51%.
Related government-spending dashboards
How Velocity of M2 connects to the federal budget across GOVSPENDING.ORG:
Federal Debt
Total public debt, debt held by the public, and intragovernmental holdings.
Receipts vs Outlays
Federal revenue, spending, and the resulting surplus or deficit over time.
Congressional Activity
Recent legislation, appropriations, and fiscal-related bills in Congress.
Interest Expense vs Revenue
How rising debt service costs crowd out federal spending as a share of receipts over time.
Revenue Composition
Federal receipts broken down by source — individual income, corporate, social insurance, excise taxes, and customs duties as shares of total revenue.
Agency Spending (FY 2019 vs FY 2024)
Net outlays by federal agency for FY 2019 and FY 2024, from the Treasury Monthly Treasury Statement. Both nominal and inflation-adjusted comparisons.