GDP & Economic Growth Dashboard
Nominal and real GDP, quarterly growth, industrial production, retail sales and consumer sentiment — the core gauges of how fast the U.S. economy is growing.
About this data
Gross domestic product is the denominator of nearly every fiscal ratio on this site. Federal debt, deficits, receipts and interest costs are all judged against the size of the economy, so an economy that grows faster than the debt lowers the burden even when the dollar figure keeps rising. Nominal GDP counts output at current prices; real GDP strips out inflation using chained 2017 dollars, which is why the two series diverge over time.
The quarterly real growth rate comes from the Bureau of Economic Analysis, through the FRED pipeline, as an annualized rate. Industrial production (Federal Reserve), retail sales (Census Bureau) and consumer sentiment (University of Michigan) arrive monthly and usually signal turning points before the quarterly GDP release. For the fiscal consequences, see federal debt as a share of GDP and the federal debt dashboard.
Growth — headline figures
Nominal GDP
Real GDP (chained 2017 dollars)
Real GDP Growth Rate (quarterly, annualized)
Industrial Production
Retail Sales
Consumer Sentiment
Recent Quarterly GDP
| Quarter | Nominal GDP ($B) | Real GDP ($B) | Real growth |
|---|---|---|---|
| Q2 2026 | 32,563.03 | 24,408.01 | 2.2% |
| Q1 2026 | 31,906.27 | 24,274.38 | 2.5% |
| Q4 2025 | 31,462.52 | 24,125.48 | 0.2% |
| Q3 2025 | 31,180.49 | 24,112.97 | 3.9% |
| Q2 2025 | 30,630.17 | 23,884.56 | 4.0% |
| Q1 2025 | 30,171.98 | 23,650.21 | 0.1% |
| Q4 2024 | 29,929.55 | 23,641.76 | 2.4% |
| Q3 2024 | 29,568.26 | 23,501.76 | 3.2% |
Series Tracked in This Dashboard
Each series has its own page with full history, download links and related indicators. For the fiscal side, see federal debt to GDP and its series page.
Frequently asked questions
What is the difference between nominal and real GDP?
Nominal GDP values everything produced at current prices, so it rises with both output and inflation. Real GDP, published by the Bureau of Economic Analysis in chained 2017 dollars, removes price changes so it tracks only the volume of goods and services produced. Growth rates are almost always quoted in real terms.
How is the quarterly real GDP growth rate reported?
The BEA reports real GDP growth as an annualized quarter-over-quarter rate: the pace the economy would grow over a full year if that quarter's change continued. The advance estimate comes about a month after the quarter ends and is revised twice, so the latest figure can change.
Why do industrial production, retail sales and consumer sentiment matter for GDP?
They arrive monthly, well before the quarterly GDP release. Industrial production (Federal Reserve) measures factory, mining and utility output, retail sales (Census Bureau) track consumer spending, and the University of Michigan sentiment index gauges household confidence. Together they often signal turning points early.
How does GDP relate to the national debt?
Federal debt is usually judged as a share of GDP. When the economy grows faster than debt accumulates, the ratio falls even as the dollar total rises. See the debt-to-GDP page for the federal debt ratio and its history.